Strategic Management and Competitive Advantage

Tasks Management, 10e (Heizer/Render)Chapter 2 Operations Strategy in a Global Environment1) NAFTA tries to eliminate all exchange and duty hindrances among Canada, Mexico, and the United States. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: A worldwide perspective on tasks AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 2) The World Trade Organization has served to essentially decrease taxes far and wide. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: A worldwide perspective on activities AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 3) Production forms are being scattered to exploit national contrasts in labor costs. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: A worldwide perspective on activities AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 4) NAFTA looks to eliminate all exchange and tax hindrances between the United States and Asia. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Topic: A worldwide perspective on activities AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 5) One explanation behind worldwide tasks is to pick up upgrades in the gracefully chain. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: A worldwide perspective on tasks AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 6) One motivation to globalize is to figure out how to improve activities. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Topic: A worldwide perspective on tasks AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 7) To draw in and hold worldwide ability, and to grow an item's life cycle, are the two motivations to globalize. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: A worldwide perspective on activities AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 8) An item will consistently be in a similar phase of its item life cycle paying little heed to the nation. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Topic: A worldwide perspective on tasks AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 9) The World Trade Organization gives governments and ventures far and wide with assurance from firms that take part in exploitative lead. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: A worldwide perspective on activities AACSB: Ethical Reasoning Objective: no LO 10) Boeing's advancement of the 787 Dreamliner is a case of an organization getting an upper hand through item separation/development. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Topic: Global organization profile Objective: no LO 11) An association's procedure is its motivation or justification for an association's presence. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Topic: Developing missions and procedures Objective: LO2-1 12) Operations methodologies are actualized similarly in a wide range of associations. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Topic: Developing missions and procedures Objective: LO2-1 13) Experience separation is an augmentation of item separation, achieved by utilizing individuals' five faculties to make an encounter as opposed to just offering an assistance. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: Achieving upper hand through tasks Objective: LO2-2 14) An association's capacity to produce remarkable points of interest over contenders is key to a fruitful system execution. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: Achieving upper hand through tasks Objective: LO2-2 15) Low-cost initiative is the capacity to separate the contributions of the association in any capacity that the client sees as including esteem. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Topic: Ten key OM choices Objective: LO2-3 16) Most administrations are unmistakable; this factor decides how the ten choices of activities the board are dealt with contrastingly for merchandise than for administrations. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Topic: Ten vital OM choices Objective: LO2-3 17) The general significance of every one of the ten activities choices relies upon the proportion of products and enterprises in an association. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: Ten key OM choices Objective: LO2-3 18) Decisions that include what is to be made and what is to be bought fall under the heading of flexibly chain the executives. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: Ten key OM choices Objective: LO2-3 19) Manufacturing associations have ten vital OM choices, while administration associations have just eight. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Topic: Ten vital OM choices Objective: LO2-3 20) Errors settled on inside the area choice territory may overpower efficiencies in different zones. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: Ten key OM choices Objective: LO2-3 21) Southwest Airlines' center ability is tasks. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: Strategy advancement and execution Objective: LO2-4 22) Key achievement factors and center capabilities are equivalent words. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Topic: Strategy advancement and usage Objective: LO2-4 23) SWOT examination recognizes those exercises that have any kind of effect among having and not having an upper hand. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Topic: Strategy improvement and execution Objective: LO2-4 24) For the best possibility of achievement, an association's activities the board technique must help the organization's procedure. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: Strategy improvement and execution Objective: LO2-4 25) Key Success Factors are those exercises that are vital to accomplishing upper hand. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Topic: Strategy advancement and execution Objective: LO2-4 26) A global partnership has broad worldwide business associations. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Topic: Global activities system alternatives AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 27) The multidomestic OM procedure augments nearby responsiveness while accomplishing a huge cost advantage. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Topic: Global activities system alternatives AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 28) Firms utilizing the worldwide system can be thought of as â€Å"world companies.† Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Topic: Global activities methodology alternatives AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 29) Which of the accompanying articulations with respect to the Dreamliner 787 is valid? A) Boeing has discovered accomplices in over twelve nations. B) The new airplane fuses a wide scope of aviation advances. C) The new airplane utilizes motors from not one, yet two makers. D) Boeing will add just 20 to 30 percent of the airplane's worth. E) All of the above are valid. Answer: E Diff: 2 Topic: Global organization profile Objective: no LO 30) Boeing's new 787 Dreamliner An) is amassed in Washington, D.C. B) utilizes motors from Japan C) has its fuselage segments worked in Australia D) has expanded proficiency from new motor innovation E) results from an organization of around twelve organizations Answer: D Diff: 2 Topic: Global organization profile Objective: no LO 31) Examples of reaction to the worldwide condition incorporate A) Boeing's overall deals and creation B) Benneton's adaptability in structure, creation, and circulation C) a Chinese maker, Haier, opening plants in the United States D) Ford's associations with Volvo and Mazda E) the entirety of the above Answer: E Diff: 1 Topic: A worldwide perspective on activities AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 32) Which of coming up next is a case of globalization of tasks system? A) Boeing's Dreamliner has motors with higher fuel/payload proficiency. B) Ford's new auto models have mark safe boards. C) A Chinese producer, Haier, presently works plants in the United States. D) Hard Rock Cafã © gives a â€Å"experience differentiation† at its eateries. E) All of the above are models. Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: A worldwide perspective on activities AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 33) Cost cutting in worldwide tasks can occur due to A) lower assessments and taxes B) lower wage scales C) lower circuitous work costs D) less severe guidelines E) the entirety of the above Answer: E Diff: 2 Topic: A worldwide perspective on activities AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 34) Which of the accompanying did the creators not propose as an explanation behind globalizing tasks? A) decrease costs B) improve the flexibly chain C) investor endorsement evaluations D) draw in new markets E) None of the above were proposed. Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: A worldwide perspective on tasks AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 35) Multinational associations can shop from nation to nation and slice costs through A) lower wage scales B) lower roundabout work costs C) less rigid guidelines D) lower duties and levies E) the entirety of the above Answer: E Diff: 2 Topic: A worldwide perspective on tasks AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 36) The term maquiladora is generally interchangeable with An) organized commerce zones in Mexico B) Chinese constrained work camps C) locally established or house industry D) zones that don't meet U.S. measures for working environment security and contamination E) nothing from what was just mentioned Answer: A Diff: 2 Topic: A worldwide perspective on activities AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: no LO 37) Which of coming up next is valid for maquiladoras? A) They demoralize remote organizations from re-appropriating. B) They survey taxes just on the worth included work done. C) They started in China. D) nothing unless there are other options E) the entirety of the above Answer: B Diff: 2 Topic: A worldwide perspective on tasks Objective: no LO 38) Which of the accompanying speak to purposes behind globalizing activities? A) to pick up upgrades in the gracefully chain B) to improve tasks C) to extend an item's life cycle D) to pull in and hold worldwide ability E) the entirety of the above Answer: E Diff: 2 Topic: A worldwide perspective on activities AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 39) Which of the accompanying doesn't speak to purposes behind globalizing activities? A) diminish costs B) improve gracefully chain C) lessen responsiveness D) draw in and hold worldwide ability E) None of the above are substantial explanations behind globalizing tasks. Answer: C Diff: 2 Topic: A worldwide perspective on tasks AACSB: Multicultural and Diversity Objective: LO2-5 40) NAFTA tries to A) substitute modest work in Mexico for costly work in the United States B) check illicit migration from Mexico to the United States C) eliminate all exchange and tax hindrances between the United States and Mexico D) stage

Medical Esthetics Essay Example

Clinical Esthetics Paper Clinical feel is a developing field in the remedial and clinical circle. It spends significant time in the utilization of cutting edge corrective lasers and different medications to treat a full range of both restorative and ailments that extend from vascular and pigmented skin blemishes, hair evacuation, skin revival, and collagen recovery, to all the more truly and sincerely weakening conditions, for example, cystic skin inflammation and skin break out scarring, Rosacea expulsion and scar decrease to give some examples. Clinical estheticians embrace all encompassing methodologies in treating their patients’ conditions. They take a gander at the reason for a condition instead of simply the indications to define a powerful treatment plan. As per the American Medical Esthetics (AMA) organization, this idea is essential so as to convey extraordinary outcomes for which clinical feel have come to be known, with practically zero personal time. The AMA Corporation says further, â€Å"Lasers are exceptional in their capacity to explicitly target tissues beneath the outside of the skin and move vitality to the main driver. We will compose a custom paper test on Medical Esthetics explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Medical Esthetics explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Medical Esthetics explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer By seeing each laser’s reason, we can treat the condition with simply enough vitality from the correct mix of laser frequencies to absolutely influence the tissue. We search for what is known as the ‘therapeutic threshold,’ which is the specific measure of vitality expected to get an ideal outcome †disposing of the vacation that is related with over treating a region. † Esthetics is a quickly rising calling which has practical experience in skin and body care. There has advanced two sorts of training corresponding to feel. One is restorative style and clinical feel. In spite of the fact that both are worried about upgrading the magnificence of a client’s skin, corrective style is restricted to utilizing make-up/restorative fixings, their science and use, and some healthy skin medications offered in salons. The methodology that restorative estheticians perform incorporate the accompanying: natural, European and American facials; waxing and peeling; face, hand arm rub; purging and conditioning procedures; catalysts, ampoules, completing covers; cosmetics/corrective fixings, their science and use; the essential life systems and physiology of the skin; skin examination and extraordinary medications; and utilization of electrical flow and style gear. While vocation open doors for corrective estheticians might be any of the accompanying: Commercial Makeup Artist; Skin Technician; Cosmetic Merchandising; Cosmetics Sales; Cosmetic Buyer; Product Promotion; Skin Care Salon Owner; Teacher of Esthetics; Cruise Ship Esthetician. Clinical style, then again, is worried about the impacts of time, way of life stressors, and even ecological anxieties that can hurt the skin. In this manner, support medications are important to draw out and upgrade more beneficial increasingly lovely skin. The Medical Aestheticians are authorized healthy skin experts who play out the basic capacity of performing extractions and skin supporting medications just as planning a home consideration routine for every patient that helps the patient in staying occupied with long haul care and upkeep. These clinical estheticians likewise perform redid facials so treatment results are better. What's more, with these, patients are dealt with TLC or delicate love and care. As patients are under the drawn out consideration of clinical estheticians, they can boost the outcomes accomplished by laser systems. Clinical estheticians are viewed as pros who put vigorously in the devices of their exchange. They put resources into different lasers, just as the most progressive, cutting edge lasers to treat a wide assortment of conditions and skin types. Their methodology in treating different skin conditions is all encompassing, which means to be a clinical esthetician is to be keen on getting to the main driver of a condition to treat it at the source, as opposed to simply treating surface conditions that are frequently a brief arrangement. What's more, for them, training is a progressing procedure to support their patients. They constantly instruct themselves about the most recent modalities in healthy skin so as to convey predictable outcomes on numerous occasions. The clinical estheticians additionally instruct their patients so they may better see how their treatment communicates with their entire body and along these lines assist them with accomplishing huge outcomes. The activity showcase for clinical estheticians is broad. Clinical estheticians may dispatch and fabricate a clinical feel practice by setting up their own centers, deal with a facility, educate in the field of clinical style, become a patient facilitator; go into promoting the executives, and then some. Because of extended clinical obligations in plastic specialists and dermatologists rehearses master stylish clinicians with wide instructive foundations and the suitable accreditations are desperately required and are in incredible interest. As per the Victoria L. Rayner’s Center for Appearance and Esteem, the basic insufficiency in flexibly of appropriately prepared clinical estheticians for social insurance administrations is broadly perceived as a significant issue by rehearsing doctors. This is on the grounds that doctors will in general gripe regularly of the constrained fitness of deficiently prepared faculty. Thus, authorize estheticians that have been appropriately prepared and guaranteed are being looked for and recruited. Clinical estheticians may perform different strategies and a portion of these are the accompanying: HBOT or Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy; PC appearance examination; laser facelift; laser medical procedure method for pigmented staining of the skin, for example, shading mixing and age or sun spot evacuation; laser system for vascular staining like characterized veins, broken vessels, cherry angioma, summed up redness and microvasculature, and rosacea. They may likewise offer laser system for profound collagen recovery and renovating; laser technique for â€Å"peel and resurfacing† or quickened epidermal recovery; and laser methodology for golden drove photograph adjustment. Different techniques performed incorporate however are not constrained to: pigmented injury evacuation; age spot expulsion; age spot decrease; melasma decrease; cystic skin break out decrease/expulsion; insect vein laser evacuation (varicose vein expulsion/decrease); epidermal laser strip; dermal collagen rebuilding strategies to expel careful scars, skin break out scars, and stretch imprints; changeless hair expulsion; dermal revival to treat wrinkles; Botox treatment; Restylane, a FDA-affirmed dermal filler; clinical spas; and wrinkle decrease. Clinical estheticians have more edge with regards to information and practice of style. They may recognize what the corrective estheticians know and practice in addition to additional. This is on the grounds that clinical estheticians become specialists through preparing in cosmetically covering and normalizing the presence of deformed patients beside being learned in all parts of disguise treatment; they are likewise well prepared with regards to dermatologic conclusion and treatment strategies, generally endorsed prescriptions for skin conditions (topical fundamental), including the examination of OTC meds. Different specialized topics to clinical estheticians which can be of more benefit to them are the accompanying: skin inflammation the board; cell restoration; hypersensitivities and incendiary issue generally observed by dermatologists; dermatitis and the clinical estheticians job in its administration; erythema and telangiectasia; positive and negative parts of facial medicines; age related skin changes, investigation of the reasons for maturing and how to limit its belongings; photosensitivity; pre-malignancies of the skin; laser treatment; responses to beautifying agents; classifying standard corrective plans; the contrast among medications and beauty care products; realities about purifying readiness; investigating micropigmentation; and signs of hormonal dysfunctions.

Passive Communication and Social Anxiety

Passive Communication and Social Anxiety Social Anxiety Disorder Print Passive Communication and Social Anxiety By Arlin Cuncic Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder and 7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety. Learn about our editorial policy Arlin Cuncic Updated on April 20, 2019 Social Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children David Burch / UpperCut Images / Getty Images Passive communication is  a style in which you avoid directly saying what you think or want and that often involves  uncomfortable body language.  Many people with social anxiety end up using passive communication.   Social anxiety disorder  (SAD) is extremely common and can be a hindrance to your daily life.  If you have social anxiety, your communication skills may be weak because you are anxious about social gatherings, meeting new people and confrontation.  One of the key areas that may be impacted is communication. Below is a description of how passive communication and social anxiety disorder may be related. Defining Passive Communication Passive communication is a pattern of not sharing your opinions and failing to protect your rights and get your needs met. Passive communicators fail to be assertive and  allow others to take advantage of them.   Passive Communication Examples Passive communication can be shown in many different ways. Some passive communicators beat around the bush, such as by saying I wish someone would remember to take out the trash rather than just asking a family member to take out the trash. Hints like this often go unnoticed, making the passive communicator irritated and the family member who missed the hint bewildered.Others will just let people override their thoughts and feelings. For instance, if you are a vegetarian and your coworkers decide to meet at a steakhouse, you may opt to avoid saying anything or suggesting another option out of fear of being viewed as difficult or picky.Some passive communicators speak very softly or apologetically. They may apologize ahead of time for their opinions or qualify their statements. For example, if called upon in a meeting, a passive communicator may say, This could be a stupid question, but have you considered the problem from this angle? This derives from a lack of confidence and anxiety about being seen as opinionated or harsh.Some have negativ e body language such as a slumped posture. Impacts of Passive Communication Individuals with a passive communication style may: Feel anxious or like life is out of controlFeel depressed or hopelessFeel resentful or confused because needs are not being met Problems with Passive Communication and Social Anxiety If you have social anxiety and avoid conflict, passive communication can cause more discomfort and hurt. Because you do not address conflicts when they happen and allow grievances to go unnoticed, your irritation can grow. Eventually, you will need to express these feelings, but because they have mounted for so long, it may come out explosively and damage your relationships. Afterward, you  may feel tremendously guilty, causing you to be more passive in the future. This can lead to even more social anxiety when interacting with others or trying to assert yourself. This vicious cycle can perpetuate itself for a long period if there is no intervention. Passive Communication Versus Assertive Communication For many with social anxiety, low self-esteem, and poor confidence leads to a passive communication style. This can cause a cycle in which passive communication leads to your needs going unmet, which makes you feel more anxious and then makes you even more passive. This cycle can be extremely hard to break and often needs professional intervention.   By contrast, assertive communication: Means speaking clearly about your opinions, needs, and feelings without violating others needs  Is achieved through strong self-esteem and confidenceInvolves advocating for yourself and your own interests, without apologizing A therapist specializing in social anxiety can help you work through your anxiety issues as well as help you communicate more assertively and confidently. It is not something that can happen overnight; however, a good healthcare provider with a background in cognitive behavioral therapy can help improve your comfort in social settings and empower you to advocate for yourself.   The 9 Best Online Therapy Programs

Early Childhood Educators Promote Diversity, And As A...

more multicultural, the need for educators to provide support to different family structures increases. This review will examine strategies utilized by early childhood educators to promote diversity, and as a result improve academic outcomes. Most data related to diversity in the classroom is derived from research in pre-school and Head Start programs. Although there are other avenues for early childhood education, including home-based and center-based childcare, this research will focus on pre-K and Head Start. Literature Review: Influencing Teacher Perspectives Meeting the needs of a diverse student population continues to be a problem in American classrooms. â€Å"While the student population is rapidly becoming more diverse, the teaching†¦show more content†¦It is essential that educators develop strategies to work more effectively with their student populations. Best practices for early childhood educators have been established to include multicultural curriculum for children from diverse backgrounds. â€Å"Early childhood educators have already adopted multiculturalism and anti-bias curriculum frameworks to address issues of culture and diversity† (Ponciano Shabazian, 2012). According to Ponciano and Shabazian, multiculturalism involves providing equal opportunities and viewing cultural difference in a positive light. Anti-bias curriculum builds on this concept by emphasizing actions in response to racism and discrimination. As teachers put these two concepts into perspective, it helps to provide an in-class environmen t where children are educated about various cultures. Some school districts have incorporated diversity trainings, held cultural nights at schools, as well as implemented cross-cultural learning experiences through home visit programs. Lin and Bates study was conducted to research the impact of home visits on an educator’s belief on diversity in their classroom. Focusing on Bronfenbrenner’s ecological system theory, which explores the five levels of an environment that influence human development, teachers sought out to affect the microsystem. A microsystem is the system that is closest to the student. â€Å"A microsystem includes

A Government Conspiracy Essays - 1185 Words

A Government Conspiracy To most a fairy tale, to some an interesting topic of discussion, however, to a small population, 5 % to be exact, Government conspiracy does exist. How, you might ask, do I intend to prove that indeed government conspiracy is real? I do not intend to prove it. In fact I only intend to inform you of its ever growing ploy of world domination, capitalism and control and open your mind to the idea that government conspiracy is out there. Throughout history as it is known to repeat itself, I will show facts that support this â€Å"theory† and dismiss the legendary lies we have been taught to believe through a system known as memetics. Looking back into the past, our four fathers first started the conspiracy of a new†¦show more content†¦50-51. WEB) That is a clear indication that no ship, be it passenger or warship nor weapon bearing or not, flying the colors of any enemy known to the German forces were to enter those waters. With this knowledge one would think that sending a passenger ship into dangerous waters would require an escort. The Lusitania was not escorted. The captain of the ship Captain Turner was also advised on several occasions to reroute to a safer location or docking. These requests were ignored. It was also confirmed that the Lusitania, a passenger ship, indeed was carrying weapons and ammunitions. Along with that it is believed the Lusitania suffered from a second explosion, either the ammunition stored down below or a possible second torpedo launched from the U boat. Knowingly travelling into enemy waters, unguarded, with weapons, the Lusitania was inevitably sunk in order to achieve an excuse to join actively into the war for profit. â€Å"The Lusitania’s sinking created widespread public outrage and was the decisive factor in bringing America onto Britain’s side in W.W.I. However, the real story has yet to be told. For just as Pearl harbor and 9/11 were staged theatre pieces, so the Lusitania was sunk with the same end in view: to widen conflictShow MoreRelatedGovernment Conspiracies and Life Threatening Experiments1062 Words   |  4 Pagestruth, then you’re stupid. Did you hear that? – stupid,† proclaims Arthur Sylvester, Assistant Secretary of Defense for Public Affairs (The Governments, 1). Those that reflect a low trust for the government and businesses have conjured various theories to explain where the government has failed to inform their nation with all of the information. With the government exempting themselves from telling their citizens thetruth, America has every right not to trust them. As people of a country founded on truthRead MoreThe Government Bioethics Conspiracy Of The United States1805 Words   |  8 PagesWorld governments have frequently relied on unknowing participants and or prisoners of war for experimentation. While these experiments range vastly concerning procedures, outcomes, and justification, they all existed to outsmart international enemies efficiently. The government bioethics conspiracy I researched is Project MKUltra. This was a secretive CIA program that experimented with mind control, hallucinogenic drugs, and the behavioral engineering of humans from 1953 to 1973. Because the programRead More9/11 Conspiracy Theory: Government Intervention and Involvement833 Words   |  4 PagesThe official story of 9/11 is a conspiracy theory in that the government claims 19 hijackers conspired together to hijack four planes and create terror in the world. Four American airplanes were hijacked; two were driven into the World Trade Centers and the third airplane into the Pentagon. The fourth airplane suspected target was the White House, but it was diverted by the brave men and women aboard that hijacked airplane, and crashed the airline jet before i t could reach its target. It was likeRead MoreThe Secret Of Conspiracy Theory1099 Words   |  5 Pagesthe nature of politics in relation to culture that leads conspiracy theories to arise in every historical event. This is due to his frustrating use of too much historical detail on conspiracy theories in relation to culture (mass media and fictional writing). In contrast to Fenster examination of conspiracy theory, Knight would critics his book, because of his excess use of data on conspiracy. As Knight argues attempt to understand conspiracy from â€Å"gold standard of rationality views paranoid styleRead MoreTop Five Conspiracy Theories That Catch Everyone S Eyes1275 Words   |  6 PagesTOP FIVE CONSPIRACY THEORIES THAT CATCH EVERYONE’S EYES Wikipedia described Conspiracy Theory as an event or situation that invokes a conspiracy without a warrant. Generally, one involving an illegal or harmful act carried out by the government or powerful actors. The word conspiracy is derived from the Latin words con and spire which means to â€Å"breathe together.† It is a term that initially was a neutral descriptor for any claim, criminal or political conspiracy. Nevertheless, conspiracy theory inRead MoreHow Social Factors Can Contribute Conspiracy Theories? Essay1348 Words   |  6 Pagespurpose of this study is to give a better understanding on how social factors can contribute to conspiracy beliefs and to bring systematic evidence upon two questions: â€Å"Who believes conspiracy theories, and what sources of information are associated with believing conspiracy theories?† (Stempel 2007:353) There are many conspiracies that could have been used to answer these two questions, but the conspiracies that were chosen are related to the attacks on 9/11 (Stempel 353). Nine hypothesis were generatedRead MoreThe Influence of Media on Society1266 Words   |  5 Pagesincrease in the amount of people who still believe in unlikely conspiracies or hoaxes. This has caused a large uproar and scepticism of the government, and with more evidence proving the governments secrecy, and conspiracy theories coming true, the citizens of countries are getting more paranoid of their own country and others around the world. There is a lack of trust from citizens toward their government, and with mistakes made by the government, some would argue that these worries are justified. ZogbyRead MoreConspiracy Theories And The Conspiracy Theory1179 Words   |  5 Pages Conspiracy Analysis In today, society innumerable conspiracy theories discuss what could have occurred. Furthermore, these conspiracy theories are not a fact, but it is an opinion formed by the people who believes that there is something that is kept hidden from the general public. Unfortunately, this information about numerous conspiracies always been a mystery, which the expert who worked in this field for decades are struggling to unravelRead MoreHistorical Scholarship On Conspiracy On American Culture1254 Words   |  6 Pagesreason or irrationality that empowers reason with its undeniable coercive force.† Hence, the book does not go hand in hand with other cultural conspiracy historians; despite the similarity of research result the perception applied varies. The last book on cultural conspiracy to be examined exemplifies newer trend in the historical scholarship on conspiracy on American culture since sixteenth century up to nineteen century. John Farrell’s Paranoia and Modernity study bases on works of historiansRead MoreTaking a Look at Conspiracy Theories1319 Words   |  5 Pagesevents have an official story, and another often less credible story pursued by doubters and sceptics of the government or the details in the story. These sceptics are more often than not referred to as conspiracy theorists. The issue that arises with these conspiracy theories is that while some sound over the top ridiculous, some have turned out to be all but true. For this reason, conspiracies are often controversial, they make serious issues into a fairytale, or a simple non-serious event into a serious

Major Theories of Human Development Free Essays

1. Epigenetic theory (Erikson) Erikson’s epigenetic theory depicts personality development as a passage through eight sequential stages of ego development from infancy through old age. According to Erikson, the developing individual must master and resolve, to some extent, a core conflict or crisis during each stage by integrating personal needs and skills with the social and cultural demands and expectations of the environment. We will write a custom essay sample on Major Theories of Human Development or any similar topic only for you Order Now Passage to each developmental stage is dependent on the resolution of the core conflict of ht preceding stage. No core conflict is completely mastered, however (Mandleco 2004). 2. Psychoanalytic theory (Freud) According to Freud, human behavior is motivated by psychodynamic forces within an individual’s unconscious mind. Driven to act by these internal forces, individuals repeatedly interact with their external environment. An individual’s personality and psychosexual identity are developed through the accumulation of these interacational experiences. Personality consists of three components: id, ego and superego. The id is inborn, unconscious and driven by biologic instincts. The ego is a conscious and rational faculty. The superego is the internalization of the moral values learnt from parents and elders (Madleco 2004). 3) Behaviorist theory (Watson) Behaviorism contends that human behavior can be explained as just a relationship between a stimulus and a response, and learned behavior is just a conditioned response.  Everything from speech to emotional responses are simply patterns of stimulus and response. Watson denied completely the existence of the mind or consciousness. Emotions are regarded simply as conditioned bodily responses to outside events. Thinking is explained simply as talking quietly. Watson believed that human behavior should be studied in a manner that allows the researcher to predict and control those behaviors (Klein 1989). 4) Classical conditioning (Thorndike, Skinner) Building upon the work of Thorndike, Skinner distinguished two types of behavior. Respondent behavior is based on reflexes and does not require learning. For example, if one touches a hot surface, one will quickly remove one’s hand. Operant behavior, however, is learnt, and is performed spontaneously rather than as an automatic response to a situation. According to Skinner most human behavior is operant. Whereas classical conditioning depends on developing associations between events, operant conditioning involves learning from consequences of our behavior (Klein 1989). 5) Social learning theory (Bandura) In social learning theory, primary focus is given to learning experiences that occur through reciprocal social interactions. Environmental or situational determinants are important, but interactions are thought to be the conduit for internalization of social and nonsocial cues for behavior. Bandura and colleagues investigated the effects of modeling and imitation on the behavior of young children. They postulated that modeling and imitation are the primary interaction processes through which behavioral repertoires are acquired. Social learning theory emphasizes the socializing influence of the family (Lerner 1996). 6)   Cognitive theory (Piaget) According to Piaget’s cognitive theory, children’s development is marked by periods when they are particularly sensitive and responsive to outside influences. However, children are not blank slates on which teachers compose whatever they desire. Children, who have inherent dispositions and tendencies and are subject to their external environments, develop and grow intellectually in an invariable sequence from birth through adolescence and adulthood. To teach effectively, teachers should be aware of the materials and approaches most appropriate for a child’s readiness to learn (Sigelman Rider 2005). 7. Humanism (Maslow) The humanistic theory centers its attention on the experiencing person, emphasizes on qualities such as choice, creativity, valuation, and self-realization, with an ultimate concern for valuing of dignity and worth of a man, and an interest in the development of the potential inherent in every person. Maslow has referred to his psychology as holistic, dynamic psychology, and most of all it is known as self-actualization psychology, which expresses that people possess potentiality which could become actualities through the process of wholesome growth (Coon 2004). 8. Stages of moral development (Kohlberg) Kohlberg postulated that human beings tend to progress through six stages of moral development. People tend to make decisions and judgments about right and wrong for different reasons, depending on the stage of development they have achieved. Kohlberg’s six stages of moral development are: 1) Right is obedience to power and avoidance of punishment.   2)Right is taking responsibility for oneself 3) Right is being good in the sense of having good motives 4) Right is maintaining the rules of a society 5) Right is based on recognized individual rights within a society 6) Right is an assumed obligation to principles applying to all humankind: justice, equality, and respect to human life (Lerner 1996). References: Coon, D. 2004. Introduction to Psychology : Gateways to Mind and Behavior. Belmont, CA :   Thomson Wadsworth Klein, S. B. 1989. Contemporary Learning Theories: Instrumental Conditioning Theory  and the Impact of Biological Constraints on Learning. Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Lerner, R. M. 1996. Concepts and Theories of Human Development. Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Mandleco, B. L. 2004. Growth Development Handbook: Newborn Through Adolescent. Clifton Park, NY : Delmar Learning Sigelman, C. K. Rider E. A. 2005. Life-span Human Development.   Belmont, CA : Thomson Wadsworth How to cite Major Theories of Human Development, Essay examples

Northern Indian Hindustani Music Essay Example For Students

Northern Indian Hindustani Music Essay Jonathan Neumann Historic Traditions 3: World Music Final Presentation / Paper Thats The musical tradition of Northern Indian Hindustan music is built on different conceptions of musical components than our traditional Western music. Notation of this music is a relatively new endeavor, starting in the sasss. Previously the music culture was a tradition passed down orally from a guru or a sashay. The notation of the music today is known a relatively non-standardized process with more emphasis on interval relations than on actual pitches. For example there is no concept of a 440 A within traditional Hindustan music, rather, they rely on thats. These thats are similar to the notion of scales, with different thats containing different intervals not unlike our major, minor, and subsequent key signatures. In total up to ten different thats are identified in Northern Indian Hindustan music. Another shared element is the typical use of seven scale degrees, called sward, and the repetition of the octave. In this way the thats can be compared to the Do, Re, MI, process associated with college notation. This is perhaps the best analogy for understanding the fundamentals of Hindustan music from a western perspective. Each of the scale degrees has a name as follows (in ascending order); As, Re, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dad, N, and then the repetition of As. The fifth scale degree, Pa, is typically held in a standard position much like the dominant in college, with the other notes being mutable in either sharp or flat variations (tibia and kamala respectively). The extent of these variations is however less typical than the half tone steps in Western music and often are monoclonal variations in either direction, to that effect there are twenty- wow recognized pitches within one octave, all of which may be generated by sharing or flatting one of the seven base notes. As Western music tradition recognized the different registers of a vocalists range as soprano, tenor, and bass, the same is true for Indian Hindustan music. Instead of refereeing too vocal or instrumental range, however, these registers are defined for the piece; Tara being the highest range, followed by Madhya and Amanda as the lowest. The reason for this distinction being held for entire pieces could stem from the limited ranges (traditional Hindustan USIA typically keeps within one octave) or from the nature of the music as being centered on the vocalists performance. Indeed the objective of many of the aforementioned instruments is to mimic or embellish the voice. Ragas The thats that exist in Hindustan music are classified into different ragas. If a that were to be compared to a scale in western culture, then a raga would be the equivalent off mode. Ragas are made up of unique pitches with musically comprised of between five and seven notes, a seven-tone raga is known as a complete or sampan raga, those with six sward are called shadow, and those with vive, Dave. Being defined by the intervals between the notes as well as the general register used, the same collection of pitches may be used in different ragas and yet each would still sound different due to the differences in the use of the tones. As previously noted, there is no conception of perfect pitch within this music culture, rather each raga is built upon a tonic note, usually chosen by the lead performer, which becomes a drone. This drone is then used as a reference for the duration of the piece for the musicians to rely upon. A unique feature of the ragas in Hindustan USIA is that their notes or swards do not always follow an ascending or descending order. Sometimes the swards within a raga are altered such that they form a crooked scale, known in Indian music culture as a Vassar raga. .ue834587672abf55fb5cef87d42ab65da , .ue834587672abf55fb5cef87d42ab65da .postImageUrl , .ue834587672abf55fb5cef87d42ab65da .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue834587672abf55fb5cef87d42ab65da , .ue834587672abf55fb5cef87d42ab65da:hover , .ue834587672abf55fb5cef87d42ab65da:visited , .ue834587672abf55fb5cef87d42ab65da:active { border:0!important; } .ue834587672abf55fb5cef87d42ab65da .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue834587672abf55fb5cef87d42ab65da { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue834587672abf55fb5cef87d42ab65da:active , .ue834587672abf55fb5cef87d42ab65da:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue834587672abf55fb5cef87d42ab65da .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue834587672abf55fb5cef87d42ab65da .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue834587672abf55fb5cef87d42ab65da .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue834587672abf55fb5cef87d42ab65da .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue834587672abf55fb5cef87d42ab65da:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue834587672abf55fb5cef87d42ab65da .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue834587672abf55fb5cef87d42ab65da .ue834587672abf55fb5cef87d42ab65da-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue834587672abf55fb5cef87d42ab65da:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Development of Popular Music EssayAtlas Ragas in Indian Hindustan music culture express the melodic content of any piece or performance of music. Not addressed is the notion of rhythm or meter. The term tall is used to describe the pulse of the music. The term originates from the Indian word for clap so its rhythmic implications are apparent from the start. Just as ragas eave no set tonic, rather, one is chosen at the beginning of the piece, the same is true for atlas. No tall has a predetermined tempo and all can be used at any speeds. Three general tempos are recognized in Hindustan music of India; a slow speed called ability lay, Madhya lay, and the fastest of the three, drum lay. Every tall is subdivided into smaller portions, much like a phrase in Western music is divided into measures. These divisions are known as visages with the first beat of each being the most important and often is accompanied by clapping. We find in the conception f atlas that the first beat is the most important of all and is also the last beat within a piece. This is similar to the cyclical form of rhythm found in Indonesian music. Both cultures stress the primary beat, or Sam as it is known in India, by coinciding a resolve in the melody as well at the meter at this critical point. Musical form Traditionally, Indian classical music was performed in a style known as DARPA, typically a sung style, featuring one or more male vocalists. A performance off raga in the classical DARPA manner is usually divided into two segments. The first is allied the lap and consists of an improvisation based upon the raga used but not strictly adherent to its rules of note order or pitch. The performer is generally allowed free reign as it were, with limited if any rhythmic dictation, variations on the pitch order, and even the sharing and flatting of notes to add character and life to the performance, similarly to Jazz improvisation in contemporary Western music. Gradually a slow rhythm will come to light and as it becomes more noticeable, the performance will settle into the rhythm and at the same time will become less literally free, returning to the rules of the raga being performed. After the improvisational lap section the goat, or bandies, of the performance starts. Title room for free embellishment, instead focusing on the beauty of the particular raga being performed. The components within the goat are the raga, or melodic content, the atlas, or rhythmic punctuation, as well as any embellishment used by the performers (always in keeping with the raga form though). This ornamentation is called kamala in Indian culture. DARPA tradition has evolved over the past several hundred years into additional spineless known as shall and Tirana; both primarily vocally based forms of Hindustan music. Although Tirana is generally set at a fast tempo than shall, both styles of performance concentrate much more vehemently on the aspect of improvisation in the musical performance. This improvisation is used to convey and touch upon an emotional content, similar to the concept of Tartar exhibited in Arabic music tradition. The association can be further seen in that most performances in the shall and Tirana forms contain a decidedly small amount of emotionally charged attic content, instead concentrating on the actual vocal performance of the music.